Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) / Hip Impingement

Understanding Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) / Hip Impingement

Also known as: FAI, Hip Impingement Syndrome, Cam Impingement, Pincer Impingement Femoroacetabular impingement is a mechanical mismatch between the ball (femoral head) and socket (acetabulum) of the hip. Extra bone on the femoral neck (cam morphology), on the socket rim (pincer), or both causes these surfaces to pinch during hip flexion and rotation. Not everyone with FAI-shaped anatomy has symptoms — it's the combination of anatomy and activity demands that drives pain. Athletes who repeatedly load the hip into deep flexion and rotation (hockey, soccer, dance, martial arts, weightlifting) are most affected.

Deep anterior groin pain, often traced by the patient in a "C" shape around the hip with thumb and fingers — the classic "C-sign" — is the hallmark. Pain flares with prolonged sitting, getting out of a low chair, squatting, and sport-specific hip rotation. Clicking, catching, and restricted motion are common. Our goals are improved joint mechanics, reduced provocative loading, and supportive strength.

Hip joint mobilization and capsular distraction techniques restore accessory glide. Tight hip flexors and posterior hip muscles are released. Core stability, gluteal strengthening, and motor control drills teach the hip to move without impinging. We help modify provocative positions while maintaining training.

When symptoms persist or imaging shows significant labral damage, we coordinate surgical referral. We may recommend: mobilization, extremity adjustments, ART, trigger point therapy, corrective exercise, DNS, dry needling Seek immediate care if: The hip locks, gives way repeatedly causing falls, or you experience sudden inability to bear weight after trauma.